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Post 20

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 11:12amSanction this postReply
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UberKuh,

Both reality and the Creator of reality are not self-contradictory. (If you find self-contradiction, you have formulated the concept of "God" or the concept of reality wrongly. As you may know, one of the most difficult problems with the concept of a Creator is the Problem of Evil; the main logical subtleties are summarized in the field of Theodicy.)

Reality is "potentially knowable" through reason, which includes logic, and requires an empirical method (the simplest one is observation). Human intelligence enables us to an appreciable knowledge of reality, but total knowledge of reality is only, and logically only, available to the Creator Himself.

At the same time, the existence of a Creator cannot be demonstrated through reasoning. Some people wrongly think that the Creator "requires faith" or "belief". According to my favorite philosophy, Judaism, is rather differently: the progressive fulfillment of a human requires --the Creator, by definition, requires nothing-- loyalty towards Him. A rough analogy would be "having loyalty" to the usefulness of reason. This need for "loyalty" is because you never "know" anything 100%. Our intellect may be powerful, but is always finite.

P.S.: Indeed, I think that the "A is A" Objectivist proposition is a tautology --in plain language: a child understands we state the same thing twice--; and I also interpret that the Objectivist "premises" --namely, its dogma-- make an individual prone to rigid thought, defensiveness, and solipsism. Anyway, you can find some interesting thoughts shared, in this Objectivist website.

(Edited by Joel Català on 3/20, 12:32pm)

(Edited by Joel Català on 3/21, 2:56am)


Post 21

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 11:19amSanction this postReply
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Riiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiigggght. No seriously, ah, mmmm. Errrr, Forget it.

Post 22

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 12:42pmSanction this postReply
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Joel, debating the concept of God is at best a side issue that I figured might push someone's button. My current thoughts are here if you want to read them. We should probably discuss this elsewhere, like on a different forum, far, far away from RoR.

(I have to say, though, that I find it fascinating that theists can be Oists.)

UK

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Post 23

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 1:49pmSanction this postReply
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UberKuh: (I have to say, though, that I find it fascinating that theists can be Oists.)

Other than in their own confused mind, NO, they cannot be.

 

What one is when you do the mental gymnastics and evasions necessary to combine the two, is something else altogether. But whatever you decide to name it; it's not Objectivism.
 

Ironically, when attempts are made to combine the two, not only is Objectivism bastardized into something unrecognizable, but whatever the theistic admixture was (Christianity, Buddhism, Islam ect ...) is bastardized as well. There are two results when you mix a philosophy of faith with one of reason: for the philosophy of faith, greater clarity within the confusion; for the philosophy of reason, its death. 

 

This is why Objectivists take such exception to any so-called "Objecti-theist" that attempts to be taken seriously as just an "alternative form of being an Objectivist". You will note however, that Objectivists always welcome any kind of reformation of theistic dogma that includes a greater amount of "rational enlightenment" being injected into religion; because this is an incremental step in the right direction. However, it cannot be a two-way street, for if the inverse were to occur, it would be an incremental step in the direction of eliminating the ideas that make a reformation/renaissance possible in the first place.

 

Theology made bastard by reason, is a better philosophy for being an illegitimate offspring. But a philosophy of reason made bastard by faith, is a philosophy that has just committed patricide against its mother.

 

George

(Edited by George W. Cordero on 3/20, 2:44pm)


Post 24

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 2:22pmSanction this postReply
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it is both dead and alive (A is and is not A, where A is "dead" or A is "alive")


No, suppose you replace A with "dead", you would have "dead" and not-"dead". One can't be both at the same time. That is more of how A is A is meant. A cadaver is dead; it can't be not-dead simultaneously. We must keep A is A in context.

Also, "For a successful technology, reality must take precedence over public relations, for Nature cannot be fooled." -- Richard Feynman

By the way, what's "natural" language?

Carl Sagan said that it is wrong to disparage "savages" as being "primitive." He called them true scientists. On the thin edge of survival, they have to live rationally and objectively, understanding the evidence of their senses and logically drawing the correct conclusions -- or else they die. We, however, have the luxury of self-imposed idiocy.


So true. I took five anthro classes; 2 physical and 3 cultural. Calling primitive people "savages" undermines some of the amazing survival tactics they have used. I would not last a day in the Kalahari desert.

the progressive fulfillment of a human requires --the Creator, by definition, requires nothing-- loyalty towards Him. A rough analogy would be "having loyalty" to the usefulness of reason. This need for "loyalty" is because you never "know" anything 100%. Our intellect may be powerful, but is always limited.


I don't recognize this need. I agree with the loyalty and the intellect part, but only when it applies to utter loyalty to ME and the intellect I have. The rest is just beyond bafflement for me on a *personal* level; although interesting when taken in the "comparative religions" context. But what someone else does with his/her mind is something I have no jurisdiction over; my understanding of the brain so far allows me more *compassion* (but not approval) for cognitive dissonance.

UK, I know you like thought experiments with logic. But logic by itself without grounding in reality only goes so far, as I've expressed via the Buridan's Ass discussion on your website.

Post 25

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 2:28pmSanction this postReply
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UberKuh, you wrote,
All I can say here without repeating myself too much is that I disagree that the concept of identity should not apply to all contexts.
What we have here is evidently a failure to communicate, because I never said, nor would I say, that the concept of identity should not apply to all contexts; it should. However, it is important to be clear on which sense of the term "identity" one is using -- the one which says that everything is identical to itself or the one which says that two or more things are identical to each other. Obviously, the first sense applies to everything that exists, because everything is identical to itself. The second sense applies to all contexts as well, for in every context, some things can be viewed as "identical" to each other, simply because they are part of the same concept. Two human beings are identical to each other as against other animals, from which they are differentiated; two white (black, or Asian) human beings are identical to each other as against other races, from which they are differentiated; two members of the same sex are identical to each other as against members of the opposite sex, from which they are differentiated, and so on. "Identity" is simply another word for sameness, so that one unit of a concept is the "same" as (and therefore identical to) any other unit of the concept. One screw is the "same" as (and therefore identical to) any other screw; one 3/8" screw is the "same" as (and therefore identical to) any other 3/8" screw. And so on.
And not to sound like a sycophant, but I probably need to clarify that my disagreement does not mean I disagree with Rand's interpretation of this law. She was more or less using it to get across an important point, namely, that reality is noncontradictory.
Yes, according to Objectivism, existence is identity, and in that respect, the law of identity is ontological.
As an aside, if any of you have read George H. Smith's book, Atheism: The Case Against God, would you agree that Smith, being a fan of Rand, seems to employ another important aspect of Rand's concern with identity, that to be something is to be something specific? He uses this exact argument to show that the concept of God is self-contradictory, thus, precluding the existence of God.
Yes, I have read it, and to say, according to Peikoff, that existence is identity is to say that everything that exists is something in particular. If it is not a particular thing, then it is nothing. Everything has its own identity; it is what it is and not something else. Peikoff notes that we don't say: existence has identity. Identity isn't an attribute of existence. If we said that it was, the logical question would be: but how do you know that existence will go on having the attribute of identity? No, existence is identity, because identity is intrinsic to everything that exists.

- Bill


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Post 26

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 4:24pmSanction this postReply
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George,

You wrote. "You will note however, that Objectivists always welcome any kind of reformation of theistic dogma that includes a greater amount of 'rational enlightenment' being injected into religion; because this is an incremental step in the right direction."

I do know, having recently attended a lecture by William Dembski on Intelligent Design, and I actually feel sad for Dembski in that he could use his incredible intellect for far greater purposes than justifying religion in the name of science.

I want to understand how highly intelligent people can remain theists. How does one shut off an entire area of one's mind - and not just any area, but the most important from a theistic perspective - without suffering a psychotic breakdown. But, you know, I might be onto something, because many of the theists I know have strong passive-aggressive tendencies. Our minds are simply not wired to tolerate contradiction.

Jenna,

You and Feynman are talking about the scientific application of reasoning, and in that context, as I have noted more than once here, I agree.

The word language is shorthand for natural language, but since I am comparing and constrasting it with formal and symbolic logics, I need to make a distinction. Incidentally, what you and Feynman are talking about involves informal logic, which is significantly, although not completely, at least in my book, different from symbolic or formal.

You write that "logic by itself without grounding in reality only goes so far, as I've expressed via the Buridan's Ass discussion on your website." This begs the question by presupposing limits as to how one should define reality. I see what you're saying here, but I want to point out again that I am not approaching this discussion from a "common sense" perspective, suitable for quick-and-dirty, cut-and-dry application. If I need to solve a programming problem involving the identity of a variable in a function, I could care less about the underlying logic of identity as a concept in all available logical contexts. That's not the point of my initial post.

Exploring logic is fun and challenging for me, as it is for others. Just think for a moment about the popularity of games, like Sudoku and crosswords. Moreover, depending on how you define a puzzle, natural language is a puzzle or game. Wittgenstein, who Rand disliked, became famous within philosophical circles (pun not intended, but deserved) for his thoughts on private language. Note, too, that John Searle, who I know you've read, makes the same argument for irreducible mental activity by declaring first-person experience the defining factor of consciousness and the single prohibiting factor against mapping mind to brain.

But let me ask you as I asked someone else earlier: Which part of reality should one exclude from logic, and why? Reasoning, that pervasive and sometimes annoying thing we do with our brains, is more or less a hodgepodge of logical methodologies. Reasoning is an informal informal logic.

And, here we can see a very strong connection between informal logic, in the form of natural language, and symbolic logic, in the form of a programming language. Reasoning is more or less analogous to a set of algorithms (also called functions or methods). Searle calls the computer the perfect metaphor for the brain, and I agree. I should send you this article I found last night from the latest Scientific American edition called "The Limits of Reason." It's written by a co-founder of information theory named Greg Chaitin. In it, he stacks three diagrams of input to output showing that physics, mathematics, and computer science all use the same rules of reasoning.

Bill,

I think we can agree to disagree on some points and agree on others.

Everyone,

As with many of you, I have read most of Rand's writing, and I consider her, at heart, a philosopher. She was a philosopher whose ideas have the power to transform our lives now, on a practical level, in a dozen different ways. But these are ways of thinking. They are not intrinsically applicable to specific needs. She was looking for practical application, but, to get there, she knew that she had to think at the most abstract level (e.g., epistemology, metaphysics, metaethics, etc.) Her ideas do transform our daily lives, but they have the equally important initial effect of making reality crystal clear to us by exposing the filth of sacrificial, communalistic, guilt-infested cultural mentalities. My pursuit of knowledge for its own sake is not inconsequential or meaningless or - I'm still laughing at this one - idiotic, and it has, if you notice, been labeled all of these things throughout this discussion. From my perspective, these insulting labels do not only apply to me, but to Aristotle, Rand, Russell, Wiener, and everyone else throughout history and alive today, even at RoR (even you!), who have dared to ask questions and delve beneath the surface of what their generations considered worthy of labeling reality. Were it not for their contibutions, we would not have the logical tools and the rational mindset to think and act as we do today. Most importantly, we would not have the choice.

UK

Post 27

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 6:41pmSanction this postReply
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UK,
I think we are just in different worlds here. I think scientifically for the most part. It's very hard for me to not attach anything I think to reality in some way. This is why I don't have the patience for the Buridan's Ass problem in the way you do. To me, the answer is straightforward.

Which part of reality should one exclude from logic, and why?


I don't exclude reality from logic. For me, they're interrelated and inseparable.

I've never read Wittgenstein but from what I have read *of* him, he's not at the top of my list. I have read about 1.5 Searle books, but I don't agree with everything he says. Brain mapping is being done regardless. Just because I've read something and liked some of what I've read so far doesn't mean I agree with everything.

Searle calls the computer the perfect metaphor for the brain, and I agree.


A computer is often a *model* system to understand the brain, but the brain is more complex than any computers we have now. There are other models for the brain but they are analogies, or correlations. The computer is one metaphor. But that only lets us understand *part* of the complexity of the brain.

1. The term natural language is used to distinguish languages spoken and signed (by hand signals and facial expressions) by humans for general-purpose communication from constructs such as writing, computer-programming languages or the "languages" used in the study of formal logic, especially mathematical logic. 2. A natural language is any system of signs, in any form of communication, that is or was communicated and can or could be understood by human beings.


How does the second sentence go with the first sentence? Isn't language spoken and signed a subset of "any system of signs, in any form of communication, understood by human beings"? What definition of natural language are you using? My aunt is deaf and she uses sign language; also, she can write and sign, alternatively. What does that say via Wikipedia's definition?

Is your delineation of reasoning a matter of using different perspectives? How can any of them work without interrelating to reality and each other? That's what I meant by "grounding". If someone could explain this, it would be cool.

Post 28

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 7:47pmSanction this postReply
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How does the second sentence go with the first sentence? Isn't language spoken and signed a subset of "any system of signs, in any form of communication, understood by human beings"? What definition of natural language are you using? My aunt is deaf and she uses sign language; also, she can write and sign, alternatively. What does that say via Wikipedia's definition?

Use 2. You might have misread the "for" and the "from" parts. I would write that first sentence differently. Think words vs. symbols.

Is your delineation of reasoning a matter of using different perspectives? How can any of them work without interrelating to reality and each other? That's what I meant by "grounding". If someone could explain this, it would be cool.

They all interrelate, but they are also contextual. This discussion has been helpful for me in that I now see how informal logic, at least, by itself, is the wrong tool. Symbolic logic would work better, but it takes a while to construct and is tedious to write in a forum. And I don't particularly feel like making PDFs right now.

UK

Post 29

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 8:11pmSanction this postReply
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There's a book out by Jeff Hawkins, called On Intelligence - ever read it?

Post 30

Monday, March 20, 2006 - 11:00pmSanction this postReply
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Nope. I've wish-listed it. Thanks!

Post 31

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 2:48amSanction this postReply
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UberKuh said:

I will read your PDF critique of Theodicy, and comment you something on it privately. Thanks!

We should probably discuss this elsewhere, like on a different forum, far, far away from RoR.

(I have to say, though, that I find it fascinating that theists can be Oists.)






Firstly, I can post here thanks to the kindness of RoR owners & administrators. 

I initially podered if my post on reality and its Creator should have been sent to you in a private email; but then I thought that some Objectivists would find it at some point providing some food for thought.

I am not an Oist, but a modestly active RoRist --you can see in my personal info page description I wrote "Observing Objectivism with skepticism." In fact, I am here to pick brilliant comments as the ones you introduced with this thread.

(Edited by Joel Català on 3/21, 3:44am)


Post 32

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 3:22amSanction this postReply
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Jenna W said:

"my understanding of the brain so far allows me more *compassion* (but not approval) for cognitive dissonance."

Cognitive dissonance and backhandedness --I see the last in your sentence-- are related to personality flaws.

And authentic compassion is not directed to the flaw itself, but to the human being that suffers from (or of) it. In example, in spite you suffer from arrogance, I have compassion for you --not for arrogance.

(Edited by Joel Català on 3/21, 3:36am)

(Edited by Joel Català on 3/21, 6:51am)


Post 33

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 4:27amSanction this postReply
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In example, in spite you suffer from arrogance, I have compassion for you --not for arrogance.


I had no idea that arrogance was a bad thing. I also had no idea that I'm arrogant out of spite. I don't recall mentioning backhandedness either. Thank you so much for pointing out these *obvious* transgressions.

Post 34

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 5:49amSanction this postReply
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I think Joel is wrong. Pride is a virtue, the virtue of, among other things,  recognizing ones achievements. Arrogance isn't pride.

I would say Jenna has pride. Pride isn't arrogance.

Joel proclaims that he approaches Oism with skepticism. Skepticism  taken to an extreme means you don't believe anyone can know anything. I'm not sure he's at that level.

I see a distinct hypocrisy at the root of Joel's statements about the existence of a creator and his calling atheists arrogant.

Ethan


Post 35

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 6:00amSanction this postReply
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Ethan Dawe, you said:

Arrogance isn't pride.
We agree.

 I said nothing about pride: if you read my post (#32) you will see there that I said "you [Jenna W] suffer from arrogance."

That's my view; we can agree we disagree.


Ethan Dawe also said:

"his [Joel Català's] calling atheists arrogant"

That's not true. I said that arrogance is a current and amendable character trait of Jenna W, who is an individual (atheist.) And, of course, there are arrogant theists.

(Edited by Joel Català on 3/21, 6:21am)


Post 36

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 6:09amSanction this postReply
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On Intelligence is an incredibly interesting book. I'm curious where in particular you're taking it in this discussion Robert.

Cognitive dissonance is not due to any personality flaw; it's commonplace and difficult to guard against. The widespread Objectivist view that every emotion can be analyzed under a microscope if anything can make us especially prone to it. If you're depressed and tediously analyze it, undoubtedly the mind will help fill in that you must be unhappy with your job, or your spouse, or your house, or some reason, some thing that you can change. When the real cause is just that you're tired, didn't eat well that day or your serotonin levels are messed up, such self-analytical conclusions will lead to actions more harmful than helpful. The ironic thing is that Objectivists will often be more sure of themselves that their conclusion via congnitive dissonance is absolutely rational.

BTW, how can you suffer from arrogance? :)


Post 37

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 6:31amSanction this postReply
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Hi Aaron,

You can suffer from arrogance, just as you can suffer from any belief that isn't in line with reality. As I was saying earlier, arrogance is often confused with pride or confidence. Arrogance is an over-reaching belief in yourself or your abilities. In simple terms, arrogance is the belief that you are better than you are at something or even everything. A self-confident person, or person with pride will take credit for those things they know and do well, and they will also take credit for any mistakes or errors they make. In my view, arrogance is synonymous with over-confidence. Anyways, this is a simplification, but you get the idea.

Ethan


Post 38

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 6:32amSanction this postReply
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We do disagree about Jenna.

Post 39

Tuesday, March 21, 2006 - 6:33amSanction this postReply
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   Aaron said:


Cognitive dissonance is not due to any personality flaw; it's commonplace and difficult to guard against.

The first part of the sentence and the second are not contrary to one another.


If you're depressed and tediously analyze it, undoubtedly the mind will help fill in that you must be unhappy with your job, or your spouse, or your house, or some reason, some thing that you can change.
But I think that's basically the correct view. Emotions do not come out from nowhere.


When the real cause is just that you're tired, didn't eat well that day or your serotonin levels are messed up, such self-analytical conclusions will lead to actions more harmful than helpful.

I think that's not correct. You can feel tired and glad at the same time. Ask a marathon man after he wins a marathon; ask a woman after giving birth; etc. Sometimes is a sign of healthiness to feel sad or depressed for something; sometimes, not.



BTW, how can you suffer from arrogance? :)
I understand that "suffer from something" you "possess" or "defines your character" is a correct English expression.
(Edited by Joel Català on 3/21, 6:54am)


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